Guide complet des boulons structurels haute résistance couvrant ASTM A325, A490 et ISO Grade 10.9.
What Are High-Tensile Structural Bolts?
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ASTM Standards: A325 vs A490
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| Standard | Material | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Galvanizing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A325 | Medium carbon steel | 825 MPa | 635 MPa | Allowed (mechanical or hot-dip) |
| ASTM A490 | Alloy steel | 1035 MPa | 895 MPa | Not allowed |
| ISO 4014 Grade 10.9 | Alloy steel | 1000 MPa | 900 MPa | Allowed |
| ISO 4014 Grade 8.8 | Medium carbon steel | 800 MPa | 640 MPa | Allowed |
Proper Installation: Turn-of-Nut & DTI Methods
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| Method | Equipment Needed | Accuracy | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turn-of-Nut | Spud wrench, marking pen | Good | Field installation |
| DTI Washers | DTI washers, standard wrench | Very good | Critical connections |
| Torque Wrench | Calibrated torque wrench | Moderate | Indoor/factory work |
| TC Bolts | Twist-off bolts, special wrench | Excellent | High-volume production |
Applications in African Construction
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Procurement Checklist for African Projects
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Frequently Asked Questions
See frequently asked questions below.
What's the difference between A325 and Grade 10.9 bolts?
A325 and Grade 10.9 are roughly equivalent in strength. A325 has a minimum tensile of 825 MPa while Grade 10.9 is 1000 MPa. However, A325 is specifically designed for structural applications with controlled installation requirements, while 10.9 is a general mechanical property class. For structural steel work, either is acceptable if specified by the engineer.
Can A490 bolts be hot-dip galvanized?
No, ASTM A490 prohibits hot-dip galvanizing due to risk of hydrogen embrittlement. For corrosion resistance, A490 bolts must use alternative coatings such as zinc-flake (Geomet, Magni) or mechanically deposited zinc. This significantly increases cost compared to A325.
What happens if structural bolts are under-tightened?
Under-tightened structural bolts act as ordinary bearing-type connections rather than friction-type connections. This reduces the load-carrying capacity of the joint and can lead to joint slippage, which may cause structural failure under dynamic or cyclic loading. Always follow the specified tightening procedure.
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